Between Silence And Light Essays - Phillips Exeter Academy, Khan

Between Silence And Light Essays - Phillips Exeter Academy, Khan Between Silence And Light Between The Silence and The Light Introduction Architecture is a meeting place between the measurable and the unmeasurable. The art of design is not only rooted in the aesthetic form, but in the soul of the work. In Phenomena and Idea, Stephen Holl once wrote, The thinking-making couple of architecture occurs in silence. Afterward, these thoughts are communicated in the silence of phenomenal experiences. We hear the music of architecture as we move through spaces while arcs of sunlight beam white light and shadow. Undoubtedly, Holl adopted this concept from its author, Louis I. Kahn. Unquestionably, I am referring to Silence and Light, a concept created and nurtured by Khan, and one that dominated the later half of his work. Kahn had chosen the word Silence to define the unmeasurable or that which has not yet come to be. According to Khan, the unmeasurable is the force that propels the creative spirit toward the measurable, to the Light. When the inspired has reached that which is, that which known, he has reached the Light. Eloquently expressing the architect's passion for design, Khan wrote Inspiration is the of feeling at the beginning at the threshold where Silence and Light meet. Silence, the unmeasurable, desire to be. Desire to express, the source of new need, meets Light, the measurable, giver of all presence, by will, by law, the measure of thing already made, at a threshold which is inspiration, the sanctuary of art, the treasury of shadow. Khan believed that in order for architectural theory to be credible, it had to be constructed. Thirty years ago, Khan began one of his most successful executions of the Silence and Light with the Library at Phillips Exeter Academy. This New Hampshire landmark physically illustrates and ideologically embodies many of Khan's concepts and incorporates many of his beliefs, synthesizing them into a tight little package with a powerful punch. The subtleties of materiality coupled with multiple plays of light truly embody the spirit of Khan's philosophy at Exeter Academy. As Stephen Holl concisely expresses Architecture is born when actual phenomena and the idea that drives it intersectMeanings show through at this intersection of concept and experience. It is exactly Khan's blending of idea and design that makes this building a model for theoretical execution in design. The following essay will explore the many architectural implementations of Khan's theories from materials, to form, to function and to the Silence and Light. This investigation shall probe the ideology in conjunction with its realization to the approach, the circulation, the enclosure and the details. Additionally, the Library at Phillips Exeter Academy shall be analyzed in relationship to his theories on education, institutions and learning. As the quote I asked the building what it wanted to be has been often attributed to Louis Khan, I shall ask the question, What did Khan want the building to be, and how did he approach this challenge? Institutions and Education Khan believed that Institution stems from the inspiration to live. This inspiration remains meekly expressed in our institutions today. The three great inspirations are the inspiration to learn, the inspiration to meet, and the inspiration for well being. The architecture of Exeter Library captures the essence of these inspirations, offering opportunities for all of them to blossom. Khan continued They all serve, really, the will to be, to express. This is, you might say, the reason for living. It is this inspiration that enlivens the spirits of the students, and motivates them to study and learn. I may suggest then, that if the purpose of the institution lies within the Silence, then its physical materialization becomes the Light. If we assume that the desire to seek truth and universal knowledge is rooted in the Silence, then we may accept the school building to be the Light, more precisely spent light. Khan believed that the first schools emerged from the Silence, from the desire to learn. Schools began with a man under a tree, who did not know he was a teacher, discussing his realization with a few, who did not know they were students. The students aspired that their sons also listen to such a man. Spaces were erected and the first schools began. Since

Understanding the Challenges of Glaucon and Adeimantus in Plato’s Republic Essay Essay Example

Understanding the Challenges of Glaucon and Adeimantus in Plato’s Republic Essay Essay Example Understanding the Challenges of Glaucon and Adeimantus in Plato’s Republic Essay Paper Understanding the Challenges of Glaucon and Adeimantus in Plato’s Republic Essay Paper Essay Topic: Public Speaking A significantly big facet of Plato’s duologue entitled Republic is the treatment of the construct of justness. On a preliminary note. the significance of such a construct makes itself manifest in our deepest inquiries refering the many facets of the political order and political life. In the Republic. Socrates’ middlemans Glaucon and Adeimantus. dispute the position that it is ever more preferred for an person to be merely than unfair. At this early portion of the paper. it is an imperative to explicate in farther item what Glaucon and Adeimantus’ challenge demand from Socrates. Glaucon and Adeimantus. following the position presented by Thrasymachus. demand an account from Socrates whether one is better off forbearing from unfairness even if one has the power to get away sensing or being caught. Socrates’ answer at the terminal of Book IV is clear ; that it is ever better for one to hold a merely psyche than an unfair psyche. This paper seeks to explain in full item. the challenge ( or problematic ) put forth by Glaucon and Adeimantus. Socrates’ answer. and more significantly. the grounds as to why Socrates was able to get at his decision. The cardinal inquiry of the Republic is. â€Å"What is justness? † and by such a inquiry. what Socrates ( or Plato ) seeks to get at is the Being or kernel of justness ; that is. what justness truly is. Such being the instance. the duologue itself is non intended as a mere practical enquiry about justness in the context of the Athenian political order and Athenian political life but more significantly. a sustained theoretical enquiry about the construct ( or definition ) of justness. It is for this ground that in Book I of the Republic. Socrates did non see his triumph over Thrasymachus as something which can be considered as a advancement in their treatment of justness. In summing up what happened in their full conversation. Socrates said the followers: Before happening the first thing we inquired about- viz. . what justness is- I let that travel. and turned to look into whether it is a sort of frailty and ignorance or a sort of wisdom and virtuousness. Then an statement came up about unfairness being more profitable than justice†¦ Hence the consequence of the discussion†¦ is that I know nil. For when I do non cognize what justness is. I will barely cognize whether it is a sort of virtuousness or non. or whether a individual who has it is happy or unhappy. ( Plato I 35 ) From a logical point of position. Socrates is right in the sense that prior to set uping whether or non justness is a virtuousness and whether or non a individual who has it is happy. it must foremost be established what justness is. In this existence of discourse. it is besides every bit of import to see that the statement of the Republic is basically. a moral one which centers on the very nature of justness in its absolute sense. As a reaction against the position of the Sophists. Socrates efforts to demo that justness is non unreal or illusory. The contradictory place to that of Socrates’ is presented by Glaucon in Book II of the Republic by recasting the statement before presented by Thrasymachus that â€Å"the life of the unfair individual is. they say. much better than that of the merely one† ( Plato II 37 ) . In Book II. Glaucon presents the position that human existences are of course egoistic ; each looking after himself and his ain opportunisms. Sing this peculiar position. Glaucon explicates in item: Peoples say. you see. that to make unfairness is of course good and to endure injustice bad. But the badness of enduring it far exceeds the goodness of making it. Hence. those who have done and suffered unfairness and who have tasted both- the 1s who lack the power to make it and avoid enduring it- decide that it is profitable to come to an understanding with each other neither to make injustice non to endure it. ( Plato II 37 ) As a effect of the aforesaid transition. Glaucon claims that human existences â€Å"begin to do Torahs and compacts ; and what the jurisprudence commands. they call lawful and just† ( Plato II 37 ) . An of import point that should be considered in the first horn of Glaucon’s statement is that in Glaucon’s words. we are able to happen an look of the position that moral duties have their beginning. in whole or in portion. from contract or an understanding. Such being the instance. it can credibly be maintained that. in every bit far as the challenge presented by Glaucon to Socrates is concerned. if the challenge itself is a moral one. so it is inevitable that the full discourse on justness besides be of the same nature ( that is. moral ) . In a really existent sense. one may deduce that in Glaucon’s position. the nature and the beginning of justness is simply based upon human infirmity ; that is. human beings’ incapacity â€Å"to do injustice without paying the penalty† and â€Å"to suffer it without being able to take revenge† ( Plato II 37 ) . It is of import to observe that the acknowledgment ( or credence ) of Glaucon’s premiss ( that is. that the nature and the beginning of unfairness is simply based upon human infirmity ) is important if we are to understand the 2nd horn of Glaucon’s statement ; that is. as to why people who pattern justness â€Å"practice it unwillingly† ( Plato II 38 ) . If it is right to state that people who pattern justness pattern it unwillingly. so the obvious job. on the portion of his middleman. that is. Socrates. would be as to how it can be cogently explained why justness is regarded as a virtuousness. and the merely individual is regarded as virtuous. This is a legitimate job because if a individual commits Acts of the Apostless which are merely merely because he can non â€Å"do unfairness without paying the punishment. † so his actions do non hold moral worth. The concluding behind this is simple: it is merely Acts of the Apostless which are free which can be applaudable or blamable. moral or immoral. Finally. Glaucon’s statement points out the inutility of justness if kept in private. Glaucon states the followers: This. some would state. is strong grounds that no 1 is merely volitionally. but merely when compelled. No 1 believes justness to be a good thing when it is unbroken private. since whenever either individual thinks he can make injustice with impunity. he does it. Indeed. all work forces believe that unfairness is far more profitable to themselves than is justness. ( Plato II 39 ) If Glaucon’s history of the nature and beginning of justness is right. so the aforesaid job must be addressed. It is of import to observe that Glaucon’s statement is mostly built upon the construct of human nature in the negative sense ; that is. the position that human existences are of course egoistic ; each looking after himself and his ain opportunisms. Adeimantus provides a retort for Glaucon’s statement. Whereas. Glaucon’s statement focuses on the statements for the high quality of unfairness over justness. Adeimantus’ statement focuses on the statements â€Å"that praise justness and disparage injustice† ( Plato II 41 ) . Adeimantus’ part to the treatment of justness and unfairness is the puting down of the â€Å"praise and fault given to each† ( Plato II 42 ) . By making so. Adeimantus believes that Socrates will be able to understand the Glaucon’s statement in its comprehensiveness and complexness. Adeimantus provides a elaborate explication of what people. particularly their sires. priests and poets say about justness and unfairness. At this point. Adeimantus’ words sum to what may be called societal unfavorable judgment. Adeimantus said the followers: As you know. when male parents speak to their boies to give them advice. they say that one must be merely. as do all those who have others in their charge. But they do non praise justness itself. merely the good repute it brings. ( Plato II 41 ) . The foregoing transition points out two things. First. what most people praise or blame is non justice itself but the repute that it brings. Second. most people’s blessing or disapproval of just/unjust Acts of the Apostless so are simply grounded upon the effects of such Acts of the Apostless and non because of the rightness or inappropriateness of the Acts of the Apostless themselves. Adeimantus offers another unfavorable judgment on the Gods and virtuousness in relation to the unfair individual. He said the followers: Begging priests and Prophetss to travel to the doors of rich people and carry them that. through forfeits and conjurations. they have acquired a god-given power: if the rich individual or any of his ascendants has committed an unfairness. they can repair it with pleasant rites. And if he wishes to wound an enemy. he will be able to harm a merely one or an unfair one alike at small cost. since by agencies of enchantments and captivations they can carry the Gods to make their command. ( Plato II 42 ) It is of import to observe that Glaucon and Adeimantus’ statements complement each other ; and together challenges Socrates to support his position that justness is preferred than unfairness without adverting simply the effects of being merely or unfair but what justness and unfairness is. in their ain right. Adeimantus sums this challenge to Socrates in the undermentioned: But I†¦ want to hear the antonym from you†¦ So do non simply show to us by statement that justness is stronger than unfairness. but tell us what each one itself does. because of itself. to person who possess it. that makes the one bad and the other good. ( Plato II 45 ) The predating treatment farther strengthens the claim that was before presented ; that the statement of the Republic is basically. a moral one ; since the challenge put away by Glaucon and Adeimantus in Book II is besides. by its really nature. moral. Now that we are able to show Glaucon and Adeimantus’ challenge to Socrates in full item. our following undertaking is to put down the statements presented by Socrates in his defence of justness. Although it is Socrates who does the speaking in the Republic. it can be argued that at some point in the duologues such as this 1. Socrates simply served as a mouthpiece of Plato. This is to state in that the Republic. Plato departs from Socrates and conducts his ain philosophizing. In reading Plato. one may deduce that his political theory is really closely connected with his moral doctrine. The challenge put away by Glaucon and Adeimantus received a really drawn-out treatment by Socrates in his usual method of oppugning. In response to the challenge of specifying justness itself. Socrates likens the province to the psyche of an person. This is to state that the province serves as the universe of the person and the person. the microcosm of the province. For the most portion. this is the chief analogy within which Socrates’ ( or Plato’s ) response to Glaucon and Adeimantus consists in. Elaborating on this analogy farther. in every bit much as the province is composed of different categories. the single psyche excessively. is composed of different parts ( or elements ) . Such being the instance. the key to understanding the construct of justness is to be found in analysing the very nature of the province because â€Å"there is justness that belongs to a individual adult male and besides one that belongs to a whole city† ( Plato II 46 ) . In the duologue. Socrates provides a differentiation between â€Å"war† and â€Å"faction† ( Plato V 162 ) . The former. harmonizing to Socrates. refers to ill will towards aliens whereas the latter refers to ill will towards one’s ain. Such a differentiation is helpful if we are to get at a Fuller apprehension of the underlying thought behind the analogy between the justness in an person and justness in the province. Socrates said the following to Glaucon: Now. notice that whenever something of the kind that is presently called cabal occurs and a metropolis is divided. if each side devastates the land and burns the houses of the other. the cabal is thought detestable and neither party is thought to love the metropolis. ( Plato V 163 ) The underlying thought in the analogy is that if a metropolis has bing cabals. so that metropolis is divided and it will non be able to work good. In this context. justness is considered as a general virtuousness. This is to state that all parts are carry throughing their typical maps and in the procedure. are besides accomplishing their several virtuousnesss. Therefore. justness in the province can merely be attained if the three categories in society fulfill their maps. In the same vena. for an person to map good and flourish. it is imperative that the there exists a harmoniousness among the elements of the psyche of the person. In the concluding analysis. Glaucon and Adeimantus’ challenge to Socrates ( or Plato’s ) incited a drawn-out treatment of the nature of justness ( and unfairness ) . In his defence of justness. Socrates makes usage of the analogy between the psyche of the person and the categories of the metropolis ( or province ) . In both instances. Socrates points out two of import things via the analogy. First. in the context of the metropolis. justness is making one’s typical map in the metropolis. Second. unfairness occurs when a portion of the whole is non carry throughing its typical map. In the same vena. the same line of logical thinking may be applied to the psyche of the person. Socrates asked the followers: What about an appetency that goes beyond these and seeks other kinds of nutrients ; that. if it is restrained from childhood and educated. most people can acquire rid of ; and that is harmful to the organic structure and harmful to the soul’s capacity for wisdom and moderation? ( Plato VIII 256 ) The point is clear. Against Glaucon and Adeimantus. what is superb in Socrates’ analogy is that through it. he was able to indicate out that justness is more superior ( and preferable ) than unfairness because. if we are to follow the analogy. without justness. a metropolis will non be able to work. If. for illustration. the armed forces will go from its typical map and seek get wealth like merchandisers or govern a metropolis. unfairness occurs. The same is true if a merchandiser will seek to go the swayer of a metropolis. In the context of the individual’s psyche. if the appetitive component is more dominant than the rational component. so that person will non be able to work good or boom. Justice so. in both the person and the metropolis ( or province ) is the harmoniousness among elements: moderation. bravery and wisdom. Plants Cited Plato. â€Å"Republic. † Republic. Ed. C. D. C. Reeve. Neptunium: Hackett Publishing. 2004.

METHOD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

METHOD - Essay Example The students who volunteer will be selected randomly using a computer generator to avoid any bias in the after they have volunteered, the students will be randomly selected. The same learning test will be used to assess members from the two sub-groups. In essence, to realize the best results standardization must be upheld. Fundamentally, the test will revolve around a reputable company known to each participant to avoid bias. Furthermore, the test will contain general knowledge questions, which require no prerequisite knowledge to understand. The test will contain some three education questions on teaching methods, preparation of curricula and education system. Interview will be used to get oral answers. The interview will be used separately from the other test. The reason for using interview is to get the inner feelings and perception of the students concerning both learning online and face-t-face learning. The students will be assembled in one lab in order to get better results. On the other hand, the students learning in class will be interviewed face-to-face. The answers will be assessed based on their numerical value (Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree and Strongly Agree). Each question within the survey focuses on the traditional, face-to-face classroom versus the online classroom. The experiment will try to find the difference between the online classes and the face-to-face class. The students will be divided into two groups; one group will learn online and the other group will learn in class. The students will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The control group will participate in a face-to-face class and subsequently take a test. The participants in the second group, which will be considered the treatment group, will sit and have an online class and take their test online. The online test will have similar length of time as the face-to-face class, and the students

The Democrat and the Dictator Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The Democrat and the Dictator - Movie Review Example nsively reveals childhood lives and their different paths they used to raise to power and how each was an excellent communicator, with unique and influential ideas. The film has a unique organizing principle of comparative treatment. Through this, it is easy for viewers to relate the motion pictures that show the Nazi regime and its influential propaganda to the Roosevelt’s communal style of leadership. Automatically, democracy grants full freedom to people but in dictatorial form of leadership, people are denied access to equal rights. While Roosevelt was concerned with developing and ensuring that the society benefits from the government incentives and plans, Hitler, though claimed to love children and animals, it never meant anything to him because he brutally murdered anything across his path, especially the Jews. Therefore, he was after destroying the society and not building it. Confidence plays a critical role in political success. Even though the world considers Hitler a serial killer, Germans admired his confidence and thus remained obedient and loyal to him. This indicates that he had followers till today. Through his confident smile, Roosevelt won the 1932 Presidential nomination because the smile was accompanied by an engaging behavior. However, in politics, leaders can do anything to remain in power. After losing, Hitler made sure all his competitors are eliminated so that he could remain the master of the nation. The film gives an impressive analysis of Roosevelt’s Hitler’s background origin, how their ideologies were shaped by circumstances and environment, and their missions as leaders. While some people are born leaders, others are made and shaped by the

Coca Cola Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Coca Cola - Case Study Example The overall market of soft drinks in Australia has experienced a slow but steady growth rate. Key players in the market try as much as possible to amass the market power by acquiring other similar companies in the industry. However, concentration and other market activities in Australia are regulated by The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. The competition in non-alcoholic market in Australia is stiff and it is difficult for Coca Cola Amatil to increase its market share beyond 75 percent. The greatest business rivalry of the company is Schweppes, which is followed by P& N. The other major challenge facing the industry include dietary issues, which has made most health conscious consumers switch to other products to avoid consumption of the carbonated soft drinks. According to SWOT analysis proper advertising, effective and efficient distribution lines as well as competent sales force are key to success in the soft drinks market. The company requires an extra AU$42 milli on to finance the marketing plan. The money will be obtained from the retained earnings. Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 2.2 Consumer trends 5 3.0 Marketing objectives 15 4.0 Marketing strategies 16 5.3 Monitoring, evaluation and control 19 7.0 References 21 8.0 Appendix 23 1.0 Introduction Coca-Cola Amatil is one of the dominant market players in the Australian soft drinks market. ... David Gonski.The products that are produced and distributed by Coca-Cola Amatil include Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Coke Zero, Sprite, Sprite Zero, Fanta, Lift, Deep Spring mineral waters, Mother, Appletiser, Grapetiser, Kirks soft drinks, Mount Franklin bottled water, Pump bottled water, Vitamin Water, Powerade, Nestea, Neverfail water coolers, Goulburn Valley juices, Fruit Box, Grinder's Coffee and SPC Ardmona. The Australian beverage company faces stiff rivalry from Schweppes and other smaller players. Coca-Cola sales are driven by economic factors such as pricing, long-term trends, brand loyalty and awareness and seasonality 2.0 Situation Analysis The Australian Coca-Cola Amatil is a company that has distinguished itself as a market leader over the years in the beverage industry of Australia. 2.1 Industry trends Soft drink refers to a non- alcoholic drink whose main ingredient is water. Most soft drinks are sweetened and carbonated. In addition, some have vitamin or higher energy (ener gy drinks) additives. The retail environment of soft drinks is strengthening and major players are introducing new products. The new products are made for consumers who are health conscious and who need convenient beverages. Fraser (2010) revealed that carbonated drinks take over 56 market share of non-alcoholic drinks, bottled water takes 25 percent, the sports drinks takes about 19 percent and the remainder is taken by juice and energy drinks. The soft drink industry in Australia has experienced relatively steady and moderate growth rate in the last five years of about 1 percent per annual. However, the sale of carbonated soft drinks is declining because majority of health-conscious consumers are moving away from high-calorie and sugary beverages to fruit juices, water and non-carbonated

Motivational Interviewing in a Multicultural Setting

Motivational Interviewing in a Multicultural Setting Motivational Interviewing in a Multicultural Setting Lawrence, Massachusetts is a city rich in cultural diversity and heritage. The Latino population alone boasts seventy three percent and continues to grow (Brown et al, 2013). This brings unique challenges to the therapeutic setting that relate directly to Latino cultural values. There are also challenges that Latinos face that are correlated to substance use. Literature states that Latinos are more likely to binge drink and use drugs more heavily (Franklin Markarian, 2005). Lawrence also has a very young Latino population, resulting in the highest proportion of the population being under five and eighteen years old in Massachusetts (Jaysane Center, 2002). This is imperative to note in a city that reports a high level of substance use among youth. Of many of the challenges that Latino’s face with substance use, they are one-third less likely to enter residential treatment in the state of Massachusetts (Caroll et al, 2009). This illustrates a community that has a great need fo r substance use treatment, yet is currently having that need unmet. As a social work intern, I will have the opportunity to practice with Latino clients and families within my community through in home therapy services. Therefore is vital, as a social worker, to better know the Latino clientele within Lawrence and the distinct factors that might set them apart from other clients within therapeutic settings. Latinos in Therapeutic Settings Latinos represent a very diverse group each having a unique history of social, political, and economic factors that have caused their migration into the United States, or their families migration. This diversity continues to manifest across ethnicity, race, generations, language, but especially nationality. Many Latinos identify first and foremost by their country of origin and will often differentiate, â€Å"I am Puerto Rican† over the official â€Å"I am Latino†. However, though individuals hold this diversity ascribed to their subgroup, many Latinos share core cultural values that are based on mutual experiences such as migration history, access to education and employment, as well as socioeconomic status. Due to acculturation and other psychosocial stressors, language, and poverty, Latinos may be particularly vulnerable within treatment and treatment organizations (Caroll et al, 2009). These shared experiences can impact communication styles such as the willingness to disclose sensitive information which in turn impacts the clinical setting as traditional therapy models often assume direct disclosure from the client. This creates a dysfunctional environment in which Latino clients, ones that do not follow Westernized norms, risk finding therapy to be invasive and opposing with their core cultural values. Therefore it is vital for social workers to consider cultural differences within the clinical setting. Mental health services among foreign-born, monolingual Spanish-speaking Latinos remains low when compared with bilingual Latinos born in the United States (Anez et al, 2008). This is because mental health providers are challenged to develop cultural and Spanish friendly services that will effectively address the needs of a diverse Latino community. Substance Use Factors Substance use is a significant problem among Latinos, who represent the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. However, treatment-related disparities have been identified as being relevant to Latinos. Specific factors that have been identified as contributing to these disparities include the following: cultural and language barriers, poverty, stigma, the lack of bilingual and bicultural staff, and the lack of treatments that are receptive to Latinos’ needs (Anez et al, 2008). The necessity for trained professionals who have the ability and empathy work with the distinct needs of Latinos is great within the therapeutic process. These noted discrepancies are of great concern because it is well documented that Latinos â€Å"†¦ have increased morbidity and mortality rates, high incidences of suicide, school dropout, alcohol use, illicit substance use, and HIV infection (Anez et al, 2008).† Regardless of an apparent need for mental health services very few members of the Latino community actually seek professional help. It appears that these services are not considered to be a primary source of support. In fact, fewer than one in eleven Latinos contact mental health specialists, and often seek services from a primary care provider first (Anez et al, 2008). This illustrates a client group that is currently at an unmet need for alcohol and drug use treatment. Latino clients might have a reason; clients frequently complain that they feel abused, intimidated, and harassed by non-minority personnel (Sue, 2006). Latinos as a group are largely marginalized within greater society; it does not help to do so within the therapeutic setting. Many social work theories originate from a monocultural standpoint, when social workers unconsciously inflict these standards without regard for other cultures, they may be engaging in cultural oppression (Sue, 2006). Social workers must enter the therapeutic setting aware of their own prejudices in order to learn and grow from them. Latino Youth in Therapy Lawrence reports a high level of substance use among youth. In 2002, a survey was conducted within the city which collected the responses of 2,206 high school students resulting in respondents revealing that the majority of substances used are alcohol (52.9 percent), inhalants (39 percent), cigarettes (25.2 percent), and marijuana(19.9 percent) ( Jaysane Center, 2002). The reported substance use rates among Lawrence youth can increase the risk of dropping out of school for many, as the drop-out rate of high school within the city has been very high in current years. Rates as much as fifty percent of high school classes dropping out between their freshmen and senior years have been reported ( Jaysane Center, 2002). There have been a number of factors attributed to the drug use of Latino youth. For example, the role of the family has been identified as being the most important component of addiction treatment for the client. It has been shown that parent’s attitudes, and the u se of drugs, play a key role in the drug use behavior of twelve-seventeen year old Latino youth ( Franklin Markarian, 2005). Adolescents in particular have a potential ambivalence when it comes to quitting substances. However Latino youth also share an additional cultural ambivalence attributed with the Latino identity. Motivational Interviewing in a Multicultural Setting Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centred counselling approach that uses certain techniques in order to produce motivation to change among ambivalent clients (Miller and Rollnick, 2013). Latinos can be considered ambivalent clients as a result of cultural and systemic factors that are experienced collectively as a group. Ambivalence in this sense can be defined as needing to make a change, but seeing little to no reason to do so (Miller and Rollnick, 2013). MI has been found to be highly effective in the treatment of substance use disorders. However, many Latino’s do not seek needed treatment for substance use. There have been a number of cultural values that have been reported to affect the therapeutic relationship to varying degrees; the three most prominent being personalismo (personal relationships), respeto (respect), and confianza (trust) (Anez et al, 2008). MI is a therapeutic model based upon respect and trust as it is a collaboration which honors the clientâ €™s experiences and individual perspectives. Latinos have also been reported to work towards engaging in pleasant conversational exchanges, and to avoid unpleasant ones, often trying to avoid conflict. MI permits the integration of these cultural values within the therapeutic setting, as it also avoids argumentation within the therapeutic relationship. This method differs from other more challenging styles that might advise a client about changes that need to be made, instead MI creates a more cooperative therapeutic setting where the Latino client’s internal motivation is drawn out and explored. This means that the counselor is not leading sessions or dictating the client in anyway. Instead the counselor’s role is to guide the client, listen to the client, and offer knowledge when needed. This method is ideal when working within the Latino community, especially when most therapeutic approaches have shown to cross with their core identity. Clients are experts on th emselves; no professional can know them better than they know themselves (Miller and Rollnick, 2013). If the counselor has the ability to show the Latino client their support of the clients personal expertise, it can create a positive relationship and rapport within the therapeutic setting, and in turn creates a catalyst for change. Motivational Enhancement Therapy Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) has been proven to help individuals resolve ambivalence around engaging in treatment as well as stopping substance use. The approach persuades change quickly through motivational methods. Research found on MET methods suggests that its effects depend on the type of drug used by participants as well as on the goal of the intervention. For example, MET has been used successfully with people who are addicted to alcohol and who want to reduce their problem drinking (Caroll et al, 2009). Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) such as this have also been identified as being particularly effective methods when working with Latino adolescents who have substance use disorders, in fact, â€Å"Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) have been identified as particularly promising for use in efforts to reduce or eliminate adolescent [alcohol and other drug] use problems (Cordaro, 2012)†. The client-counselor relationship and the counselor’s ab ility to engage with the Latino adolescent, has also been found to be a key factor within the motivational therapeutic setting. First impressions count as the initial therapy session appears to be significantly correlated to the client’s dropout from the intervention (Cordaro, 2012). In summary, the ability for the counselor to build rapport with the client from the first session is one of the most important factors when working with the Latino community, in particular with youth. Client Approach This coming fall I will begin an internship providing in-home therapy services with Lahey Behavioral Health in Lawrence, Massachusetts. I will unquestionably have the opportunity to work with Latino clients and families within the community. When working in family systems, I might come across a situation in which a client within that system might have a substance use issue that needs to be addressed. When addressing the substance use issue with either an adult or an adolescent, the first impression and rapport is extremely important during the initial session, as it has been shown to be linked to successful client engagement. My focus for motivational interviewing would rely on building a positive and strong relationship with my Latino clients so as to build enough trust to persuade towards change talk. It is important for me to note that Latino clients hold an admiration for older adult’s that is attributed to the life experience and a general perception that their wisdom hol ds significant value, younger generations are taught to respect their elders and greet adults with a courteous â€Å"Senor† or â€Å"Senora† (Anez et al, 2008). Pretending my client is significantly older than I am I would approach therapy in the following way. First I would begin by asking the client how they would like to be addressed, this would provide the client the ability to structure a conversation around names or nicknames that their friends or family call them, or possible formal titles such as â€Å"Senor† or â€Å"Senorita†. It is also important for me as to be able to address the client respectfully, and to take a careful note of pronunciation. I would structure questions around cultural values, such as being a buena genta (likeable person), family values, respect, trust, and personal relationships (Anez et al, 2008). . In terms of being a likeable person, I could structure a question such as, â€Å"How important is it for you to be viewed a s someone who is likeable?† this shows me the importance that the person holds on their image and how others view them. I would also be interested in knowing how the client interacts in interpersonal relationships outside of therapy; this can be achieved by asking, â€Å"When you are first getting to know someone, what helps you feel comfortable?† or â€Å"What does it take for you to develop trust with someone?†. This can help me gain an understanding of the client’s strengths, stressors and coping mechanisms. I would also ask, â€Å"How do you handle conflict?† or â€Å"â€Å"Can you tell me about a moment when your trust was broken?† This can give me an understanding of how the client handles and copes with hard situations, or if the client has a resistance to talking about hard situations within a therapeutic setting. I would further ask the client what their expectations of trust are within our therapeutic setting, summarizing the sessi on with a shared agreement using the values of trust put forward by the client. This shows the client that I value trust and the client as an expert. Over the course of many sessions I would continue to understand the client’s value system as well as where they stand in terms of change talk. Open-ended value questions would give me an insight into what really matters to the client. I would ask the client what they value the most in life, which can sometimes help to be a motivation for change. This can especially be motivating if the client values their family, a child, being employed or having an education. Once the client has reached the point of talking about their values, I would spend time using a number scale in order to help guide conversation around where my client is in terms of changing, making sure to have all documents used with the client translated if fits the clients need. The clients identified goal during this time might be to reduce the amount of the substance used. Once a goal has been identified and set with the client, I would continue to guide the client into conversation with questions such as how life was like before drug use; questions about the future, as well as what advantages and disadvantages are in terms of their current drug use patterns. I would summarize that session with a collaborative treatment plan that the client feels is realistic for them, and will continue to check up on how the client is doing with the treatment plan during each following session, making additional adjustments along the way and talking about the process. Summary The community of Lawrence, Massachusetts is home to a large proportion of Latinos and the population continues to grow, bringing with them unique challenges especially pertaining substance use and therapy. Latinos drink and use drugs more heavily, a trait that often cascades to younger generations. Latino clients are in need of substance use help, however they are less likely to enter treatment, leaving the need largely unmet. As a social work intern, who will be conducting in-home therapy for families within the city of Lawrence, it is my responsibility to ensure that the cultural values of my clients are integrated into the therapeutic setting. As a Latina social worker, clients might not be as resistant to my therapeutic methods as they might to a non-Latino social worker. As a Latina, I understand and share many core cultural values with Latino clients. Because of this, I might have the ability to build a stronger rapport, one that is essential during the beginning stages of the client-counselor relationship. However, I do not speak fluent Spanish. In fact I only have the ability to speak a limited amount of words, and a few phrases. This largely limits my ability to work with clients who are predominantly in Spanish speaking households, as I am not bilingual. There is also the possibility that I might be looked down upon because I do not speak Spanish, as if I have betrayed my culture and heritage. It is important for me to be aware that these opinions exist, and to notice that they might come up during counseling sessions. If they do I would do my best to redirect the questions back onto my client in a calm and collected manner. In general, MI is the best approach when working with Latino clients as it has been proven to work with ambivalent clients as well as clients with substance use disorders. MI also fosters an environment that is inclusive towards the cultural values of Latinos, and fosters the collaborative therapeutic process between the client an d counselor. When the cultural values of the Latino community are taken into consideration, it fosters change, and retains client engagement within therapy. References Aà ±ez, L. M., Silva, M. A., Paris Jr., M., Bedregal, L. E. (2008). Engaging Latinos Through the Integration of Cultural Values and Motivational Interviewing Principles.Professional Psychology: Research Practice,39(2), 153-159. Brown, N., Chesbro, T., Lee, D. H., Puza, H. (2013). Lawrence, Massachusetts Greenway Plan. University of Massacusetts, 1-50. Carroll, K. M., Martino, S., Ball, S. A., Nich, C., Frankforter, T., Anez, L. M., et al. (2009). A Multisite Randomized Effectiveness Trial of Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Spanish-Speaking Substance Users.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,77(5), 993-999. Cordaro, M., Tubman, J. G., Wagner, E. F., Morris, S. L. (2012). Treatment Process Predictors of Program Completion or Dropout Among Minority Adolescents Enrolled in a Brief Motivational Substance Abuse Intervention.Journal of Child Adolescent Substance Abuse,21(1), 51-68. Franklin, J., Markarian, M. (2005). Substance Abuse in Minority Populations.Clinical Textbook of Addictive Disorders, 321-339. Jaysane, A. P., Center, M. P. (2002). The Community Context of Health in Lawrence, Massachusetts.Lawrence, MA: Merrimack College. Miller, W. R., Rollnick, S. (2013). The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing.Motivational Interviewing:Helping People Change(3rd ed., ). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Sue, D. W. (2006). Principles and Assumptions of Multicultural Social Work Practice.Multicultural Social Work Practice. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Maturing In The Faith :: essays research papers

In the course of reading Chapter 1 of our book, I came across something that I have known all along but taken for granted, as though it was not more important than my upcoming doctor’s appointment. It is the simple yet breaking fact that I do not know what I believe in, or rather, I know what I believe, but I don’t exactly know why I believe. And I am not alone in my plight. Most Filipinos, unfortunately, are guilty of this folly. We all have faith in God, not because we know the Sacred Scriptures to the letter, not because we know and live the Word. We believe because, quite simply put, we were brought up in Catholic households, and educated in Catholic schools, and what sticks to our minds is that to be a good Christian, we must have faith in God. We get too extreme about it at times and take things too literally that we miss too many points. To be fair, our faith is “genuine';, as the book also said. We truly believe in God and we all try to live as good Catholics: mass every Sunday, rosary with the family every night, we go to confession and retreats, and we pray when we wake in the morning and before going to bed. But sadly, other than those “routine'; elements of being Christian, most of us do not really understand what the Bible says, or what the priests are preaching, or what really is the will of God. Neither do we involve ourselves with other people who are part of the Church. Not to mention, how we seem to think less of non-Catholics, instead of trying to share what we are all supposed to know, the Word of God. A friend told me about a conversation he had, the other person saying that non-Christians will never enter the kingdom of God. He was dead serious when he said this, which made me wonder if we, in fact, are better than the non-believers, or if we are any different at all. I can say with a clear conscience, because I believe it to be true, that I have faith in God. What I cannot reconcile myself with, is the undeniable fact that I lack insight into what I believe in. I will not be able to go out and tell another person about how the Spirit liberates me, because even as I know this, I do not completely understand it.

Research design assessment.Methodology Essay

The nation of Libya has been subjected to numerous forms of rules from foreigners as well as from native people who become rulers. The nation became independent from the rule of Italy in 1947 (Vandewalle,  D.  J. 1998). However, British and French continued controlling the nation until 1951. King Idris led the nation into full independence and ended up becoming the first head of state. He established a hereditary monarchy. In a way, Libya started to establish well economically and in terms of security (Bender,  G.  J. 1987). However, although oil was responsible for the drastic improvements in the economy of the nation, it started becoming the source of resentment. That is because King Idris began accumulating too much wealth for his family. Following such resentment, security status of the nation was disturbed. In 1969, Muammar Gaddafi led a group of military officers into a coup d’à ©tat against the King. The ‘Al Fateh’ Revolution was launched. Conseque ntly, King Idris was overthrown. Muammar Gaddafi took leadership but assumed so much power that he ruled the nation with an iron fist. According to St J.R (2008), Libya did not have enough time to enjoy the fruits of independence from colonialism. After independence from foreigners, Libya got into another form of colonialism from its own leaders which can be termed as internal colonialism. As Oakes (2011)notes, the government of Gaddafi spent much of the wealth in purchase of arms and financing terrorist groups around the world. Before his death, he had acclaimed himself as the â€Å"King of Kings of Africa†. After the end of the Gaddafi rule following his death in 2011, Libya is reconstructing itself from the mess that had been caused by his rule (Oakes,  J. 2011). However, frequent attacks from unknown assailants have been experienced severally. In 2012, an American Ambassador to Libya was killed during such attacks. These attacks indicate lack of security in the nation. The state of lawlessness and insecurity are issues that affect the government of Libya which is an interim government. There was an attempted coup on May 18th 2014. This research seeks to compare the present situation in the security of Libya and the past. Furthermore, the research seeks to show whether Libya is better now than before. Methodology                  In this study, secondary sources of data will be used. These will include reading books and jourrnals that talk about the history of Libya. Most of the books written in 1950s about the state of Libya give a clear picture of the nation at that time. Many journals have been written abpiut the history of Libya. Such journals will be very useful in this study. The journals and the books will be accessed online. The researcher will analyse all data obtained. Besides using online sources, the researcher intends to use the school library for the history books detailing the history of Libya. The researcher has full access of the library. The researcher will concentrate on finding appropriate books and journal articles, but will also seek out informed opinion from internet sources (via a Google search). An initial interrogation of the contents pages of past issues of the journals Foreign Policy and Foreign Affairs has already proved fruitful. The researcher also intends to use primary sources. Interviews will be applied in the process. Of particular use will be two US State Department publications: The Foreign Relations of the United States (which reproduces original documents of the US government) and The Department of State Bulletin (which prints public statement of US officials). I will also consult the Congressional Hearings held in the 1980s on this subject. The State Department serials are available electronically, via Hein Online, while Congressional Hearings can be accessed from the webpage of the US Congress. Moreover, interviews will be conducted online with senior people in Libya. People who are thought to have managed to serve in the government before the era of Gaddafi will be sought by means of the office of the Foreign department. Such people will be interviewed to give their opinion on the nature of the rule that Libya was subjected to before the rule of Gaddafi. The advantage with interviewing such people is that they will be in a position to give the past and the present analysis of the situation of Libya with regard to security. Supplementing these books, journal articles, primary sources and interviews, the researcher also intends to read contemporary newspaper articles of the period. He will access the New York Times and Washington Post via the electronic portal: Newspaper Bank*. These sources will give a lot of information regarding the past and the present of Libya. The researcher will go ahead to analyse the information obtained to determine which will help answer the raised question. The relevant data will be used to make the conclusion of the study. References Bender,  G.  J. (1987). International affairs in Africa. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications. Oakes,  J. (2011). Libya: The history of Gaddafi’s pariah state. Stroud, Gloucestershire [England: History Press. St,  J.  R. (2008). Libya: From colony to independence. Oxford: Oneworld. Vandewalle,  D.  J. (1998). Libya since independence: Oil and state-building. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press. Wright,  J. (2010). A history of Libya. New York: Columbia University Press. Source document

How to Find the Aquila Constellation

How to Find the Aquila Constellation The constellation Aquila is visible in the northern hemispheres summer sky and the southern hemispheres winter. This small but significant constellation features several fascinating deep sky objects that amateur astronomers can view with a backyard telescope. Finding Aquila Aquila is outlined in faint blue, and its brightest star is Altair. Look for it just below Cygnus the Swan and near Sagittarius. From a dark viewing site, observers can see that Aquila lies in the plane of the Milky Way. Carolyn Collins Petersen   The easiest way to find Aquila is to locate the nearby constellation Cygnus, the Swan. Its a roughly cross-shaped pattern of stars that is high overhead on summer evenings beginning in mid-July. Cygnus appears to be flying down the Milky Way galaxy (which we see from the inside as a band of stars stretching across the sky) toward Aquila, which looks like a crooked shape of a plus sign. The brightest stars of Aquila, Lyra, and Cygnus all form a familiar asterism called the Summer Triangle, which is visible in the northern hemisphere from early summer to late in the year.   Historical Interpretations Aquila has been a known constellation since antiquity. It was cataloged by the astronomer Claudius Ptolemy and was eventually adopted as one of the 88 modern constellations charted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Since it was first interpreted by the Babylonians, this star pattern has virtually always been identified as an eagle. In fact, the name aquila comes from the Latin word for eagle.  Aquila was also well known in ancient Egypt, where it was seen as a bird accompanying the god Horus. It was similarly interpreted by the Greeks and, later, the Romans, who dubbed it Vultur volans (the flying vulture). In China, myths about family and separation were told in relation to the star pattern. Polynesian cultures saw Aquila in several different ways, including as a warrior, a tool, and a navigational star. The Stars of the Aquila Constellation The six brightest stars in this region make up the body of the eagle, set against a backdrop of dimmer stars. Aquila is relatively small, compared to nearby constellations. Its brightest star is called ÃŽ ± Aquilae, also known as Altair. It lies only about 17 light-years from Earth, making it a pretty close neighbor. The second-brightest star is ÃŽ ² Aquilae, better known as Alshain. Its name comes from an Arabic term which means the balance. Astronomers commonly refer to stars in this way, using lowercase Greek letters to indicate the brightest as alpha, beta, and so on, to the dimmest ones lower in the alphabet. Aquila features several double stars, including 57 Aquilae. It contains an orange-colored star paired with a whitish-colored one.  Most viewers can spot this pair using a good set of binoculars or a backyard-type telescope. Search out Aquila for other double stars, too. The entire constellation of Aquila shown with IAU boundaries and the brightest stars that make up the pattern.   IAU/Sky Telescope Deep Sky Objects in Constellation Aquila Aquila lies in the plane of the Milky Way, which means that there are a number of star clusters within its boundaries. Most are fairly dim and require good binoculars to make them out. A good star chart will help you locate these. Theres also a planetary nebula or two in Aquila, including NGC 6781. It requires a good telescope to spot, and its a favorite challenge for astrophotographers.  With a powerful telescope, NGC 6781 is colorful and striking, as seen below. A view through a backyard-type telescope is not nearly so colorful, but instead shows a slightly greenish-gray blob of light. The planetary nebula NGC 6781 as photographed through one of the telescopes of the European Southern Observatory in Chile. This nebula lies in Aquila and can be spotted with a good backyard-type telescope. ESO   Aquila as a Springboard for Exploration Observers can use Aquila as a jumping-off spot to explore the Milky Way and the many clusters and objects that lie in nearby constellations, such as Sagittarius. The center of our galaxy lies in the direction of Sagittarius and its neighbor Scorpius. Just above Altair lie two tiny little constellations called Delphinus the Dolphin and Sagitta the Arrow. Delphinus is one of those star patterns that looks like its name, a cheery little Dolphin in the starry seas of the Milky Way.

Is being a drag king or queen wrong Professor Ramos Blog

Is being a drag king or queen wrong Drag queens and kings are performance artists that dress in feminine or masculine clothing that acts, sings and does comedy performances. RuPaul’s Drag Race is a very popular reality game show that drag queens compete for the title of America’s Next Drag Superstar. â€Å"Drag has always served a purpose. We mock identity, were shapeshifters,† Rupaul affirms at its core, it’s a social statement and a big F**K you! to male-dominated culture.† (Davies). I have watched the show numerous times and I support drag kings and queens because it’s a way of expressing themselves and they can be who you are while inspiring others who want to join that community. I think if someone wants to dress masculine and their a female I dont see anything wrong with that and vice versa. There are tons of people who participate in these races across the world today. A study used of a theoretical psychoanalytic framework which is a personality organization and the dynamics of personality development to analyze the life history of a professional drag queen Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The choice to use â€Å"life story† as a data collection and analysis strategy allowed them to illuminate how the subject lives and articulates his story and the choices of work that allows an expression of his desire. They found three elements which were the looks and clothes that sustained a fantasy that has found a placed in society, the link of some singular identity traits with social dimension of work and the affections that sustain a form of social recognition (Thais Z.G. De Oliveira). Some people don’t agree with my opinion because I strongly feel that they don’t like the fact of people dressing or acting the ways of the opposite gender. The main reasons why I think they dont support it is because they think drag can be degrading to women or men which I don’t agree. â€Å"We don’t value feminine ideals and in many cases we don’t respect them, so when we see drag queens performing stereotypes that we consider to be about women or men, we either understand and enjoy the exaggeration or we are confronted by the insulting connotations people associate woman with.† Another example, â€Å"There must be a reason women don’t do this to menturning masculinity into entertainment as a joke, that is. Why is it funny for men to dress up† (Levengood). It’s true that more men do drag than woman but there is still pressure among woman to act and dress a certain way no matter if there dressing like a woman or man. I think it is a big step and a lot of thought to become a drag queen or king because a lot of people aren’t accepting and they are afraid of being themselves and they are altering their appearance dramatically. If more people are accepting then more and more people will feel comfortable and happy with what they are doing in their lives. An experimental understanding of drag reveals that the significant rewards from the activity-contextual power and status, self affirmation and empowerment are powerful motivating factors. Instead of being deviant and or partaking in pathological behavior, female impersonators can be seen as operating or an incentive system where the benefits of doing drag positively enrich the quality of the performers life in a context where successful queens are held in their highest regards (Hopkins). Teaching others about drag race whether their family, friends or classmates about this topic will open the doors and it lets them see the outlook on this category. A study showed that female students often found attending a drag show to be a fun experience free of the sexual harassment found in most bars, while male students often contextually experience being a social minority for the first time in their life. From both attending drag shows and or watching recordings of them students have reported gaining an experiential appreciation of the preformed basis of gender sexuality and inequality (Schacht SP). I believe there should be more adult men and women who attend these kinds of shows whether they are gay, straight, bisexual and so on, it can create an accepting community of all different kinds of sexualities and show younger people it is okay to attend or participate. Teaching teenagers will hopefully create a more accepting atmosphere among non drag kings/queens and drag kings/queens because teens tend to judge and make fun of people. Teaching children about this topic will make people more angry then happy because some might think that were trying to change their ways and have them thinking it could be fun to alter their appearance when in reality it is to teach them what it is, what they do and why they do it. If we continue to spread positivity and let others do what makes them happy then a lot of these issue wouldn’t occur and people won’t be called names or looked down upon in todays society which will truly make a difference. Davies, Wilder, â€Å"RuPaul’s Drag Race and What People Get Wrong About the History of Drag†, EBSCOhost, March 2018, p.6-6 1p, http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=2sid=8fb24123-2a76-4210-b095-bdce29e8594a%40sessionmgr103bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=128520811db=a9h. Hopkins J. Steven. â€Å"Let the Drag Race Begin†, Taylor Francis Online, Sept 2008, p 135-149, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v46n03_08. Levengood, Elizabeth. â€Å"Is Drag Degrading to Woman?†, Medium, Dec 2017, https://medium.com/@leve0064/is-drag-degrading-to-women-c2eacaa5f065. Schacht, SP. â€Å"Beyond the boundaries of the classroom: teaching about gender and sexuality at a drag show†. Pubmed, 2004, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15132493. Thais, Z.G. et al, â€Å"IDENTIFYING AS A DRAG QUEEN AND THE MEANING OF WORK.†,EBSCOhost, Vol 19, p1-24, 24p, http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4sid=8fb24123-2a76-4210-b095-bdce29e8594a%40sessionmgr103bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=135047343db=a9h.

Research Manuscript Critique Part 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Manuscript Critique Part 2 - Assignment Example The have also clearly identified the population, the demographic variables, the recruitment and the location of the study. For instance, the study takes place in the northeastern city and the surroundings. The women involved are Caucasian and are different in terms of age and other related demographics. On the recruitment, the researchers explain that fliers were used in order to assist them in the recruitment process. Given the nature of the research study, the researchers had no choice but to discuss the appropriateness of the sample size, which is quite small. For example, one of the important explanations of the sample size includes the need to detailed explanation of the sessions with the psychiatrists. Other important requirements of a research study such as research ethics, which includes consent and confidentiality, have also been catered for in this research. The researcher has also used clear articulate language that helps the reader through the research study. Although this is the case, the researcher has not clearly labeled the research questions and the hypothesis. All these have been left for the reader to figure out. The article Brinn-Pike et al., 1998 looks into the process of counseling pregnant adolescents. To achieve this purpose, the researchers used a mixed research method. The research has clear research questions and a specific question. There are also clear hypotheses and a sample size of 20 respondents and an explanation of the demographic variables that pertains to the sample. The study also identifies the population and clearly discusses the recruitment. For example, the researchers explain that the recruitment process and the data collecting process took 6 months whereby the participants involved were required to keep records. The sample, size and the results have also been discussed appropriately. Other

Analysis for Higher Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis for Higher Learning - Essay Example As the report declares the movie â€Å"Higher Learning† is a drama about different issues of university student life, especially as they relate to all kinds of prejudice: sexual, racial, social included. Racial prejudice is one of the main themes. At the start of this movie, we can see one of the movie’s main characters, Remy, who is an outcast and misfit, ignored by another students. We also find Kristen, who has a little bit racial discrimination and isn’t sure of her own identity yet, and Malik, who is an African American confused about his own identity. Each of them ironically share some of the same prejudices toward each other and others. Each of them value some of the same things about life but do not realize they have anything in common. This essay stresses that when Malik gets on the elevator and meets Kristen by chance, Kristen reflexively grabs her bag, even though they have never seen each other. Malik notices and shakes his head to himself, accustomed to the scenario. This is the introduction to racial tension in the movie. The point that we should consider is why Kristen did that. If she had personally had a bad experience with a black person, it would be understandable. But what is more likely is that Kristen had the fear of being alone with a black man because of her preconceived bias and her lack of relationships with black people in her primarily caucasion neighborhood near Disneyland.